To promote digital transformation, equal emphasis needs to be placed on digital skills development as to infrastructure development. Integral to investment in digital skills development is the subsequent management and evaluation of digital training programmes. This paper assesses mechanisms to...

The digital divide in general, and between women and men in particular, is a manifestation of exclusion, poverty and inequality, and is likely to continue because of the effects of unemployment, poorly functioning digital skilling programmes and socio-cultural norms in some economies, and...

Education is a main determinant of employment, but not in isolation. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) skills have become a key element to facilitate employment opportunities. The growth in female educational attainment and ICT use is closing the gender divide and favouring female...

A year-round calendar redistributes schools days around the year. This paper studies how this redistribution of school days, and therefore child care days available through school, affects maternal employment. The presence of year-round calendars in a district could be correlated with other...

En la literatura que estudia los determinantes de la desigualdad en Colombia se encuentra que la educación es un factor fundamental a la hora de explicar sus altos niveles. En este trabajo se simulan diferentes escenarios de cambios en la distribución de la escolaridad con el objetivo de...

Using data from social security records and an event study approach, we estimate the child penalty in Spain, looking at disparities for women and men across different labor outcomes following the birth of the first child. Our findings show that, the year after the first child is born, mothers'...

Using data from social security records and an event study approach, we estimate the child penalty in Spain, looking at disparities for women and men across different labor outcomes following the birth of the first child. Our findings show that, the year after the first child is born, mothers’...

This paper studies the effects of macroeconomic shocks in employment and wages for the case of Mexico. I find that young and unskilled workers are the most affected by an economic shock in terms of unemployment, labor force participation and employment in the informal sector. I derive a...

Population aging is not a looming crisis of the future -- it is already here. Economic challenges arise when the increase in people surviving to old age and the decline in the number of young people alive to support them cause the growth in society's consumption needs to outpace growth in its...

"In this contribution employment effects of wage subsidies and a minimum wage are analyzed for Germany. Existing studies for the construction sector and simulations of a statutory minimum wage unanimously point to employment losses of a general minimum wage for Germany. The magnitude of the...