Using the example of geographic borders, I demonstrate how the permeability of lines in the tax system and the ability of the tax authority to reduce tax evasion across lines are essential determinants of the optimal commodity tax policy.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how local and central governments utilize inter-firm transaction network information for corporate tax discrimination. We assume a two-stage game with two asymmetric emerging regional markets and no prior investors. First, governments offer a different...

Place-based policies commonly target underperforming areas, such as deteriorating downtown business districts and disadvantaged regions. Principal examples include enterprise zones, European Union Structural Funds, and industrial cluster policies. Place-based policies are rationalized by various...

The economic transformations taking place in Poland in recent years have been accompanied by changes in companies’ structure. The role of small companies, employing up to 50 persons, has been constantly growing. These companies, particularly in the first half of the 1990s, helped to reduce...

The distribution of persons in each economy by their incomes is similar to the Maxwell-Boltzmann equilibrium distribution encountered in various physical systems. The transactions the persons are making to buy things that make them survive (in all sort of ways) are making them ‘poorer’, as...