(CBDC) in the euro area and proposes a possible design of a digital euro that allows for instant offline payments. Cash …The present paper provides an overview on current developments of cash usage and issue of central bank digital currency … regulations and supply-side restrictions by commercial banks. Nonetheless, overall demand for euro cash remained strong and even …

ABSTRACTThis paper considers the question: - In face of changes in the demand for money resulting from an increase in … for a normative conclusion about the convenience of a monetary regime with a State monopoly of the money supply, forced … legal tender and central bank versus the alternative of competitive money supply.RESUMEN¿ANTE LOS CAMBIOS EN LA DEMANDA DEL …

The use of cashless payment instruments has been on an increase over many years now. At the same time, demand for cash … has been on the rise as well and we can observe a particularly high level of growth demand for banknotes during crisis … times. The increase in demand for cash known as the "banknote paradox" is a phenomenon observed in many economies. It …

In this paper, we analyse the volume of euro banknotes issued by Germany within the euro area with several seasonal …

In this paper, we analyze the volume of Euro banknotes issued by Germany and circulating in other Euro area countries … as well as outside the Euro area with a banknotes’ age model. Our approach suggests that about 60% of banknotes, the …

inception of the euro. We derive a money demand equation that incorporates housing wealth and collateral as well as substitution … effects on real money holdings. Empirically, we show that cross-country differences in real balances are determined not only … by income differences, a standard determinant of money demand, but also by house price developments. Higher house prices …

-wide uncertainty and in the process also contribute to the literature on portfolio rebalancing. Our general point is that money matters …

money. Interms of its reputation, the ECB must act with the utmost caution. Instead of launching its own project on the …