In the late 1990s, the European Commission embarked on a mission to bring EU competition policy more into line with contemporary economic theory. Over a period of ten years, it systematically revised key legal concepts of all three pillars of EU competition law. Most importantly, it adopted the...

Ordoliberalism, a particular version of European Neo-Liberal thought, has played a central role in the relationship between competition law and trade policy with the European Union. The substantive component of this body of thought, which is based in Germany, emphasizes the importance of a...

This paper seeks to analyse the issues emerging from the imposition of certain antitrust remedies, such as the obligation to grant intellectual property licenses regarding key inventions covered by patent or copyright and to stipulate contracts with other firms, including competitors, as a means...