Any admissible portfolio performance measure should satisfy four minimal conditions: it assigns zero performance to each reference portfolio and it is linear, continuous and nontribial. Such an admissible measure exists if and only if the securities market obeys the law of one price. A positive...

We develop a measurement theory of market integration, based on two notions of quot;integrated markets.quot; First, two markets cannot be perfectly integrated in any sense if one can construct two portfolios, one from each market, that have identical payoffs but different prices. In that case,...

Closely-integrated markets should assign to similar payoffs prices that are close. This is the idea on which a measurement theory of market integration is developed in this paper. Two markets are said to be perfectly integrated in the weak sense if there is at least one stochastic discount...

Any admissible portfolio performance measure should satisfy four minimal conditions: it assigns zero performance to each reference portfolio and it is linear, continuous and nontribial. Such an admissible measure exists if and only if the securities market obeys the law of one price. A positive...

Price improvement is the difference between the execution price of an order and the quoted bid or ask when the order was submitted. We show that expected price improvement falls off dramatically as the size of the order approaches the quoted depth, and becomes negative for larger orders. This is...

We use a robust regression estimator to analyze the risk premia on size and book-to-market. We find that the risk premium on size that was estimated by Fama and French (1992) completely disappears when the 1% most extreme observations are trimmed each month. We also show that the negative...

This paper studies security markets with trading frictions, and offers a complete characterization of viable convex cost systems. For frictional markets that give rise to a convex-cone traded-payoff span and a sublinear payoff cost functional, the following three conditions are equivalent:...

In existing theory, wealth is no more valuable than its implied consumption rewards. In reality investors acquire wealth not just for its implied consumption, but for the resulting social status. Max M. Weber refers to this desire for wealth as the spirit of capitalism. We examine, both...

This article studies the relative investment performance of several stock-valuation measures. The first is mispricing based on the valuation model developed by Bakshe and Chen (1998)and extended by Dong (1998) (hereafter, the BCD model). The BCD model relates, in closed form, a stock's fair...

This paper examines the information embedded in both the stock and option markets prior to takeover announcements. During normal periods, buyer-seller initiated stock volume imbalances are significant predictors of next-day stock returns and option volume imbalances are uninformative. However,...