With the application of regression with common effect this paper analyzed the empirical validity of two famous and formal theories (Trade off and Pecking order). We have selected four independent variables tangibility,size,profitability and growth and explored their relationships with the...

Pakistan is facing a persistent trade deficit, resulting in foreign debts—leading to compromise on national policies and sovereignty. This study analyzes international trade of Pakistan with a special focus on exports. The analysis is conducted by various lenses including goods traded, trading...

An overwhelming criticism on practice of Islamic finance is lesser application of Shari'a based (profit and loss sharing) modes of financing. This study is conducted to analyze the issue based upon available literature and data. It is found in the process that profit and loss sharing based modes...

This article covers Development of Islamic finance as a distinct financial stream. It includes religious foundations [Objectives of Shari'a and Injunctions on Riba/interest & usury], Historical developments [timeline], Principles [Riba prohibition, Gharar, Myser and PLS] and Operational modes...

This article shows the existing state of newly emerging Islamic finance and its potential as a business opportunity. It identifies business opportunities in the area of banking, Insurance, Capital market including equities and Sukuk, International trade financing, Mudaraba sector, Islamic asset...

Islamic finance is a relatively new business segment, however, shown promising results so far. In addition to banking services, Islamic finance has started penetrating in other sectors including capital market and insurance. This study is conducted to evaluate a newly emerging Takaful sector in...

The main purpose of this study is to examine the mutual fund industry of Pakistan, to examine the assets allocation pattern of mutual funds, how efficiently they are allocated into various assets categories and how investors base their future investment decisions either on past performance or on...

A recent development in financial markets is the creation of Shari'ah compliant stock universes. Shari'ah compliant stock universe is featured as socially responsible investments, less levered, and more reflective of the real sector. This study is conducted to understand and document the...

This study is conducted to understand and document the long as well as short-run equilibrium among important macroeconomic indicators and Equity markets (including Islamic and conventional) in post Shari'ah-screening era in Pakistan. We have included seven macroeconomic variables—inflation,...