This study investigates the source of productivity growth in the Indonesian banking sector during 19 years from 1993 to 2011. The industry had been through several periods of reforms, starting from the radical deregulation in the late 1980s, the restructuring period following the 1997 Asian...

Fuel subsidies are widespread and debated extensively. The issues with these subsidies are fully acknowledged by many energy economists; however, the total subsidy level remains high. This is because energy subsidies are often closely related to the political economy viewpoint. Moreover, the...

This paper aims to investigate the effects of urbanization, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, trade liberalization, and economic growth on pollutant emissions and energy intensity in selected Asian developing countries from 1980 to 2010. We use both linear and nonlinear panel data...

This article provides the first empirical evidence on the effects of intellectual property rights (IPRs) and threat of imitation on Australia's export flows. Using data from all of Australia's trading partners over the period 1995–2010, an augmented gravity model is estimated in the context of...