ITS innovations in California are likely to include automated systems for vehicle guidance. Such systems will supplant manual controls during certain types of vehicle operation. However, the alternative manual control must remain intact in the vehicle. Thus, epochs of automated-manual transition...

The focus of this project is the modification of a commercially available in-pavement warning signal that was evolved from one originally designed to indicate the presence of pedestrians in a crosswalk. We have proposed use of a similar device to provide warning to vehicles approaching a...

New technologies have enabled the production of traffic signals that have significant advantages over standard incandescent signals, including greater energy efficiency and lower maintenance costs. Before the new signals are installed in the field, it is important to assure that they as visible...

Our modern rectilinear visual environment contains visual stimuli for which evolution has not had time to optimally shape visual processing. One such stimulus, periodic stripes, is known to lead to visual depth ambiguity. In this paper we show that postural instability, as measured by the...

The wallpaper illusion, first described over a century ago, can occur when a person with normal binocular vision views a pattern that is periodic in the horizontal meridian of the visual field. Escalator treads present such a pattern. Evidence is presented favoring the view that disorientation...