This paper summarizes and compares measures of chronic diseases and medical conditions in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and its sister surveys from other countries: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), the Korean...

Using the 2010 pilot study of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), the authors examine the socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors for poor cardiovascular health among middle-aged and older Indians, focusing on self-reported and directly measured hypertension. The LASI pilot survey...

This paper examines health disparities in biomarkers among a representative sample of Indians aged 45 and older, using data from the pilot round of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI). Hemoglobin level, a marker for anemia, is lower for respondents with no schooling (0.7 g/dL less in...

Background: Inequality in gender varies across social contexts, which may influence the health of both men and women. Based on theories of gender as a social system, we examine whether systematic gender inequality at the macro level influences health of men and women in 23 countries. Methods:...

Using the 2010 pilot study of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), the authors examine the socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors for poor cardiovascular health among middle-aged and older Indians, focusing on self-reported and directly measured hypertension. The LASI pilot survey...

This paper examines health disparities in biomarkers among a representative sample of Indians aged 45 and older, using data from the pilot round of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI). We document an educational gradient in hemoglobin (Hb) level, a marker used for diagnosing anemia....

This User Guide provides basic information about the broad topic of physical functional health questions from the Harmonized Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and its sister harmonized surveys. These include: the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS), the Mexican Health & Aging Study (MHAS), the...

"The SME-suitable industry designation scheme aims to foster the growth of Korea's SMEs by restricting the entry or expansion of large enterprises. However, without a full understanding of specific business areas, the restrictive measures can undermine SMEs' profit as well as consumer welfare....

"China's rural consumer market has exhibited extraordinary growth. Over the past decade, the consumption growth rate and average propensity to consume of rural residents have surpassed those of their urban counterparts, with the former's consumption patterns becoming increasingly similar to the...

"The rise of the market for private-label brands (PB) has elevated the profits of corporate retailers but has not significantly affected, or in some cases reduced, those of subcontracting manufacturers. This is not only due to the significant cannibalization effect on national brands (NB) caused...