We re-investigate the market pricing of special items, with particular emphasis on how managers “frame” them via their inclusion or exclusion from “street” earnings. When managers include the special items in “street” earnings (i.e., “street” = GAAP), the market overprices them,...

Income reported to shareholders (book income) and income reported to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (taxable income) are alternative measures of U.S. corporate economic performance discussed in recent research, academic texts, and by U.S. legislators. In measuring economic performance,...

Since 1995, managers of thousands of firms have voluntarily disclosed the expected date of their firm's next quarterly earnings announcement to Thomson Financial Services, Inc. These disclosures are 500 percent more accurate than the simple expectation that this year's announcement date will be...

We investigate Regulation FD's (FD) effect on management earnings forecast properties. We posit FD's prohibition on private manager-analyst communication reduces (increases) optimism (pessimism) in management earnings forecasts. Prior to FD, managers could avoid publicly retracting prior...

We document that the effect of Regulation Fair Disclosure (FD) on public management earnings forecasts (MFs) is asymmetric. Our results suggest FD increased managers' use of MFs as a downward guidance mechanism to help achieve meeting or beating earnings expectations. This effect is more...

We examine how Regulation FD changed analysts' reliance on firms' public disclosure. Regulation FD is associated with a stronger analyst response to earnings announcements, management forecasts and conference calls – that is, analysts respond to these events more quickly, more frequently and...

This paper provides evidence that firms that have consistently met or beaten analysts' earnings expectations (MBE) provide more frequent “bad news” management forecasts than firms with no established string of MBE, particularly when existing analyst forecasts are optimistic. This suggests...

Although earnings persistence should have a nontrivial impact on CEO turnover decisions, prior studies have paid little attention to the role of earnings persistence in CEO turnover decisions. This study examines the effect of earnings persistence on the sensitivity (i.e., the negative relation)...

Because conservative accounting practices induce firms to report bad news earlier and defer good news disclosure, accounting conservatism in target firm accounting can hinder acquirers from identifying a potentially profitable target while it can help acquiring firms mitigate the downside risk...

This paper examines the effect of a regulation change on management incentives and accrual estimates. We investigate whether managers of banks with low capital ratios reduce their banks' loan loss provisions after the 1989 change in capital standards. The loan loss provision increases the...