bribery and show that bribing for any type of public service, not just for health services, has an adverse impact. We also …Corruption is pervasive, but we know little about its effects on individual lives. This paper examines whether living … in a corrupt society has deleterious effects on health. Using individual-level data from 28 post-communist countries, we …

In this paper, we study the evolution of corruption patterns in 27 postcommunist countries during the period 1996 …-2012 using the Control of Corruption Index and the corruption category Markov transition probability matrix. This method allows … us to generate the long-run distribution of corruption among the post-communist countries. Our empirical findings suggest …

bribery, 25 years after the fall of communist rule. Data come from a large representative survey, conducted in post …. Overall, our findings suggest that the proclivity to corruption of the former Communist party members has been transmitted … through family and thus sustained over time, contributing to corruption decades after the demise of the Socialist bloc. …

The corruption is a secondary phenomenon, because there are economic preconditions causing it. Unless the achievement … ending, both of them may become the cause of corruption in the post-Communist transformation of the economy. In order to … restrict corruption and establish the institution of private property, it is necessary to legalize the existing results of …

The paper investigates how efficiency of business environment and corruption (informal payments and state capture … corruption activities at the firm-level and firm ownership. We find somehow surprising results that private firms (domestic and … foreign owned firms that are involved in informal payments are likely to benefit from these corruption practices. On the other …

the likelihood of tax bribery. Empirical models of the likelihood of tax bribes being paid by firms are estimated and …

relevant role of country-level development, institutions, and corruption. I find that out of a full set of ten different growth …, legal systems and property rights, and lower levels of corruption, firms face lower levels of financing constraints. I … provide novel empirical evidence that both firm- and country-level corruption hinder firms' access to financing …

Although economists have long studied the impact of bribery on firms' development, the debate continues as to whether … bribery ‘greases' or ‘sands' the growth of businesses. For this investigation, we acquired data from the Business Environment … bribery upon firms' development over a period of time. We found that bribing firms were more likely to bribe again three years …

micro-level decisions are related to each other. In micro empirical analysis, this interdependence of corruption decisions … can be addressed through the hierarchical modelling of corruption data. Exploiting a baseline sample of 34,358 bribe … contribution of five major determinants of corruption emphasized by the literature: the economic and human development levels, the …