Introduced in the mobile telecommunications market across world, mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) are considered an effective way to promote competition. However, possible adverse consequences for infrastructure investment of mobile network operators (MNOs) create concern. In this paper,...

Both theoretical and empirical evidence suggest that in markets withstandards competition, strong network effects can make the strong growstronger and, in some circumstances, even 'tip' the market towards asingle, winner-take-all standard. We theorize that in the presence oflow cost conversion...

The Market in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID) aims to increasecompetition and to foster client protection in the European financialmarket. Among other provisions, it abolishes the concentration rule andchallenges the market ower of existing trading venues. The directiveintroduces venue...

A growing number of firms are strategically utilizing IT and the Internet to provide online services to consumers who buy their products. Online services differ from traditional services, such as maintenance services, because they often promote interactivity among the firm’s customers and...

In this study, we model firms that sell a product and a complementary online service, where only the latter displays positive network effects. That is, the value each consumer derives from the service increases with the total number of consumers that subscribe to the service. In addition, the...