As distributed collaborative applications and architectures are adopting policy-based solutions for tasks such as access control, network security and data privacy, the management and consolidation of a large number of policies is becoming a crucial component of such solutions. In large-scale...

As distributed collaborative applications and architectures are adopting policy-based solutions for tasks such as access control, network security and data privacy, the management and consolidation of a large number of policies is becoming a crucial component of such solutions. In large-scale...

The objective of this paper is to assess empirically the impacts of further reform of the CommonAgricultural Policy (CAP) on the agri-food sector in Finland. To meet the objective, aneconometric model for Finnish agriculture - built as a part of the AGMEMOD project - wasutilised. The projection...

This study provides an in-depth modelbased quantitative analysis of the implications of thedairy policy reform on the milk and dairy market aswell as on other agricultural markets in the EU27,EU15, EU12 and the individual MS. The objectives ofthe study are threefold:1. to assess the implications...

The effectiveness of SO{sub 2} emission allowance trading under Title 4 of the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act (CAA) is of great interest due to the innovative nature of this market incentive approach. However, it may be a mistake to frame the compliance problem for a utility as a decision...

This paper deals with the market for SO{sub 2} emission allowances over time and electric utility compliance choices. For currently high emitting plants ( 2.5 lb SO{sub 2}/MMBtu), the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) provide for about twice as many SO{sub 2} allowances to be issued per year...

This report provides background information for the Bonneville Power Administration (Bonneville) in its efforts to quantify the environmental externalities associated with new electricity resources. A more detailed companion document has been provided to Bonneville for internal use. This report...

Concentrations of environmental pollutants tend to follow positively skewed frequency distributions. Two such density functions are the gamma and lognormal. Minimum variance unbiased estimators of the expected value for both densities are available. The small sample statistical properties of...

This paper focuses on how electric utility companies can respond in their decision making to uncertain variables. Here we take a mean- variance type of approach. The ``mean`` value is an expected cost, on a discounted value basis. We assume that management has risk preferences incorporating a...

The effectiveness of SO{sub 2} emission allowance trading under Title 4 of the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act (CAA) is of great interest due to the innovative nature of this market incentive approach. However, it may be a mistake to frame the compliance problem for a utility as a decision...