Agricultural research has transformed agriculture and in doing so contributed to the transformation of economies. Economic issues arise because agricultural research is subject to various market failures, because the resulting innovations and technological changes have important economic...

Notwithstanding the ambiguous research and productivity promoting effects of plant varietyprotections (PVPs), even in developed countries, many developing countries have adoptedPVPs in the past few years to comply with their Trade-Related Aspects of IntellectualProperty Rights (TRIPS)...

Commodity levies are used increasingly to fund producer collective goods such as research and promotion. In the present paper we examine theoretical relationships between producer and national benefits from levy-funded research, and consider the implications for the appropriate rates of matching...