utilize ocean freight services for their export needs, the study asked shipping lines for their heaviest used export routes …

which takes into accountchanges in export and domestic demand and market clearing price. It optimizes the supply of … already have significant income effects to agriculturalproducers. We simulated effects of pig meat export bans of different … degrees due to livestockepidemics. Full closure of export markets for six months cost pig sector €21 million. …

animals from the market, and halts the export of livestock products from the infected country. The magnitude of these effects … implications of alternative FMD and export scenarios in the Finnish pig sector. It takes into account dynamics and adjustment of … pig producers can increase considerably when the risk of prolonged export ban increases. Production adjustments also …

production technology. Then we estimate the total factor productivity series for each classification. Using determinants of total … factor productivity that include, among many others, human capital, openness, and distortion of domestic prices relative to … productivity. …

productivity growth, and production efficiency improvement. In addition, this paper incorporates the quality of inputs in analyzing … output growth, where the productivity of capital depends on its average age, while the productivity of labor depends on its … the improved quality of factors or total factor productivity growth in explaining output growth. The quality of capital …

There is considerable interest in projections of future productivity growth in agriculture. Whether one is interested …, deforestation and ecological diversity, the rate of productivity growth in agriculture is an essential input. Yet solid projections … in measuring historical productivity growth. The purpose of this paper is to report the latest time series evidence on …