-the-board declines, entailed increases in tariffs that are proving detrimental to international trade and thereby affecting the Spanish … economy’s external sector outlook. This article estimates the effect of tariffs on Spanish non-energy, non-EU goods exports … drawing on data broken down by country of destination and type of product. The results show that an increase in tariffs …

protectionism in the form of tariff barriers on Spanish goods exports. The Spanish economy has signicantly increased its degree of … obtain a database combining annual tariffs applied to Spanish products over the years 1995-2019 from WITS and bilateral extra …-EU Spanish goods exports from Eurostat, with a product disaggregation level at 6 digits. We estimate the effect of tariffs both …

escalation of US-China trade tensions. The new tariffs have affected a significant percentage of Chinese exports to the United … amplify such adverse effects. Additionally, possible future auto sector tariffs could have a significant impact on European …

This paper presents the results of a survey and analysis ofelectricity tariffs and marginal electricity prices for … commercialbuildings. The tariff data come from a survey of 90 utilities and 250tariffs for non-residential customers collected in 2004 as …

March 15,2004. The main overall goals of this new regulation are: to allow the lowest possible tariffs for end users, while …