integration between the European Union and developing countries by removing barriers to trade: trade preferences and trade … practitioners and researchers in both areas, the paper concludes that while at least some trade preferences actually have been less … of a failure than their reputation suggests, trade facilitation is a far more promising policy option for the future …

Natural resources account for 20% of world trade, and dominate the exports of many countries. Policy is used to … (equivalent to trade taxes if no domestic production is possible). We review the literature, and argue that the policy equilibrium … to overcome these inefficiencies and obtain mutual gains. -- natural resources ; trade ; export tax ; tariff escalation …

Heterogeneous firms are at the heart of both the New New International Trade Theory and the Micro-econometrics of …

While trade integration is often regarded as a principal determinant of economic growth, the empirical evidence for a … causal linkage between trade and growth is ambiguous. This paper argues that the effect of trade in dynamic panel estimations … depends crucially on the specification of trade. Both from a theoretical as well as an empirical point of view one …