This Staff Memo considers some of the available evidence on relative price shocks as a driver of Norwegian inflation dynamics in high- versus low-inflation regimes. The results suggest that relative price shocks have largely been transient over the past two-three decades. However, this has been...

Since early 2021, consumer price inflation has risen sharply across the advanced economies, including the US, the euro area and Denmark. We argue that the surge in inflation in the three economies in 2021-22 reflects multiple factors, including the Covid19 pandemic in 2020-21 and the Russian war...

We study the impact of the recent cost-of-living crisis on European households using detailed data on individual consumption, income and wealth. We account for the various channels through which inflation affects individual households, and for the monetary and fiscal policy responses to the...