Using firm level survey data we draw a portrait of incidence of recent trade related shocks, such as disruptions in logistics or access to materials, and undertaken responses in the economies of the EU. The paper focuses on firm heterogeneity in explaining the willingness to respond to these...

We examine recent changes in the structure of Chinese manufacturing value chains using a standard input-output framework. Our results suggest that the previous increasing trend in the share of domestic value added in Chinese value chains stalled during our observation period (2018-2022). We also...

This report examines key aspects of the European Union-China economic relationship, including trade, investment and China’s key strategic project overseas, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). We conclude that China is, and will continue to be, a major trade and investment partner for EU...