part-time arrangements, the repetitive nature of the job nor sector of employment. The effect of these covariates adds to …

Job polarization was first identified in the US in the 1990s, when employment growth concentrated in the highest and … disaggregate job growth by sector, employment contract, and sociodemographic groups. I find that the pattern of job polarization …

The Barcelona targets on childcare help increase women's labour-market participation and close the gender employment … targets, this paper estimates the impact on labour par- ticipation of mothers of alternative scenarios of formal childcare … children under 3. Our results show that the achievement of these levels of childcare (through increases in childcare …

services, as well as adequate paid care leave and breastfeeding breaks to parents in 82 countries. Simulations of policy … reforms show that extending paid leave and breastfeeding breaks to all employed parents (including those in informal … employment) at an adequate level of pay would require about 0.3 per cent of GDP of annual investment by 2035. Extending universal …