the European Union member states that have large penetration of bank credit. Building on the model of financially open … increase in private bank credit relative to the gross domestic product (GDP) and the gap between real interest rate and GDP …

Firm investment, Intangible assets, Loan terms, Credit constraint, Survey data, Instrumental variable approachUsing …

business credit further expansion slows rather than boosts growth. Causality from more credit to slower growth is supported by … exogenous variation in financial size. The empirical analyses point to five factors that link more credit to slower growth: i …) excessive financial deregulation, ii) a more pronounced increase in credit issuance by banks than other intermediaries, iii) too …

consumer credit are systematically less likely to be tightened before elections during credit booms and economic expansions …