This paper measures human capital development in the Japanese workforce after WWII. An increase in workers years of schooling is believed to have aided Japans economic growth after WWII. The development of human capital has acquired increasing importance for Japans future economic growth given...

This paper estimates the return to education using two alternative instrumental variable estimators: one exploits variation in schooling associated with early smoking behaviour, the other uses the raising of the minimum school leaving age. Each instrument estimates a 'local average treatment...