An influential literature has used the aftermath of terrorist attacks to estimate large effects of police street … circumstances. This paper exploits a natural experiment that aimed to increase police presence in more than 6,000 well-defined areas … by police officers, we first document exogenous and discontinuous changes in patrolling intensity. We do not find that …

self-petition rate. In contrast, sanctuary policies limiting the cooperation of police with immigration authorities have … crucial given growing police mistrust and vulnerability to crime among immigrants. …

the number of illegal guns and decrease with social capital and police intensity. Using detailed panel data from the …, social capital, and police intensity consistent with our theoretical predictions. Based on our analysis, we derive a range of …