This paper contributes to the understanding of the long-run consequences of Roman rule on economic development. In ancient times, the area of contemporary Germany was divided into a Roman and non-Roman part. The study uses this division to test whether the formerly Roman part of Germany show a...

This paper argues that there was enough buying and selling (emptio venditio) in the early Roman Empire to show that there were markets, and there were enough markets at the time that there was a market economy. I use three examples to make these points, one from my research, one from the...

At the 70th ‘anniversary’ of Münzer’s death, ancient history ‘celebrates’ a more than twice long history of debate on population matters in the Roman Republic and early Empire. More than 170 years of discussion have hitherto not led to any conclusive answer on the basic question...