The identification of average causal effects of a treatment in observational studies is typically based either on the unconfoundedness assumption or on the availability of an instrument. When available, instruments may also be used to test for the unconfoundedness assumption (exogeneity of the...

The identification of average causal effects of a treatment in observational studies is typically based either on the unconfoundedness assumption or on the availability of an instrument. When available, instruments may also be used to test for the unconfoundedness assumption (exogeneity of the...

In zahlreichen vom Arbeitsmarktservice Österreich (AMS) geförderten Qualifizierungsmaßnahmen werden Betriebspraktika als Teil der Aus- und Fortbildung eingesetzt. Der vorliegende AMS report dokumentiert die Erfahrungen und Einschätzungen von Organisationsverantwortlichen und TrainerInnen...

This paper studies the causal effect of student internship experience on labor market choices and wages later in life. We use variation in the introduction and abolishment of mandatory internships at German universities as an instrument for completing an internship while attending university....