-based pedagogy (IPP) on students' math and science test scores. IPP creates active problem solving opportunities in settings that … derive meaning to the child. Students learn by collaboratively solving real life authentic problems, developing explanations …

, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. We find strong and significant cognitive losses of students lacking the … with the digital divide, while family characteristics matter in the United Kingdom. In the longer run, students who cannot … learn remotely are more likely to repeat grades and end their education early, especially where grades repetition is more …

In this paper we examine whether students' and teachers' identity play any role in the learning outcome of students … returns to education accrued to their parents; for girl students, a lower fraction of the return comes to their parental …. Specifically, we ask if a student benefits by learning from a teacher of her same gender. Unlike the existing literature which …

natural disasters. This paper provides some of the first experimental evidence on strategies to minimize learning loss when … support their child. The combined treatment cost-effectively improves learning by 0.12 standard deviations. We develop remote … assessment innovations, which show robust learning outcomes. Our findings have immediate policy relevance and long …