into account the change in the logsum variables, but also changes in the number of trips. In our empirical application we … substantially from that based on the change in income that would be needed to compensate for its disappearance. …

marine species are primarily introduced in North-European waters through ballast water, i.e. water trans-ported across the … oceans so as to keep a vessel in balance. Port authorities can impose standards on ballast water treatment, which are … associated with costs. This, in turn, leads to the question which benefits are associated with the commitment of such standards …

biases in the estimated effects of the price (travel-cost) variable and of the income variable in the trip generation …

variation in tourism intensity that is exogenous to individual farms. On average, agritourism causally increases survival … policies to facilitate entry into agritourism can therefore be effective in keeping farms in the market. Our analysis shows … examine the causal effect of agritourism on farm survival. To account for self-selection into agritourism, we use regional …