As the world races to decarbonize its energy systems, the choice between transmitting green energy as electrons through high-voltage direct current (HVDC) lines or as molecules via hydrogen pipelines emerges as a critical decision. This paper considers this pivotal choice and compares the...

Adapting traditional business models to be more cost-effective, and socially and environmentally sustainable - the triple bottom line of sustainable development - is becoming increasingly important. This applies to all industries, diverse and multidimensional sectors and activities, of which...

The rollout of fifth generation mobile networks is progressing around the world, but 5G looks especially expensive compared to previous generations. Network sharing between two or more mobile operators is an obvious way to attain significant cost savings, but may also raise competition concerns....

This discussion paper presents the main technical approaches and business models for sharing infrastructure, focusing on the telecommunications sector. Additionally, through literature review and analysis of news from specialized media, the main benefits, problems and challenges associated with...