Since 1995, police forces in England and Wales have obtained the right to raise revenues locally to supplement central … significantly across area and time. We seek to explain this variation in locally raised police revenues over the 2000s, unpicking … the role of local differences in preferences, central government funding, the production of public safety given police …

. This is akin to assuming that a group always has a police force or motivated peer reporting to detect and announce the … criminal does not want to fund the police who will catch his bad acts. But, when detection is conducted among peers, free …

Policy makers often try to optimize local law enforcement by reorganizing police forces. We study the effects of police … substantially reduced the number of police stations. Combining a matching strategy with an event-study design, we do not find …

of police officers on duty using a variety of unique data from Britain and a two-sample minimum distance estimation …