The factor X in the RPI-X regulation aims to adjust price or revenue allowances to changes in total factor productivity … and input prices. A cost Malmquist index can be applied to determine the efficient cost change (ECC). However, regulators …

workout efficiency and productivity of the ICT sector across 50 countries for the time period 2016 and 2020. By considering … OECD -DSTRI index as bad output, the study intends to estimate the influence of digital trade regulations (or digital … services trade restrictiveness) on productivity and efficiency of the ICT sector across countries. The SFA scores are compared …

the two methodologies using data from ZAP's Sustainable Energy Index case study, demonstrating that they occasionally lead …