"Economics and history both strive to understand causation: economics using instrumental variables econometrics and history by weighing the plausibility of alternative narratives. Instrumental variables can lose value with repeated use because of an econometric tragedy of the commons bias: each...

The coronavirus pandemic imposes major challenges for both the population and political actors. Measures to contain the pandemic must be communicated in such a way that they motivate to persevere. However there is now great resistance in parts of the population. From the perspective of social-...