This paper examines the impact of coalitions on the economic costs of the 2012 Iran and 2014 Russia sanctions. By … Russia inflicted considerable economic harm, yielding 32-37% of the vertical sanctions potential. Our key finding is that … welfare losses for sanction-senders and target; (ii) compare prospective coalition partners and; (iii) provide bounds for the …

This paper examines the impact of coalitions on the economic costs of the 2012 Iran and 2014 Russia sanctions. By … losses for sanctions senders and target; (ii) compare prospective coalition partners; (iii) investigate "optimal" coalitions … that maximise payoff from sanctions; (iv) provide bounds for sanctions potential, i.e. the maximum welfare change …

This paper examines the impact of coalitions on the economic costs of the 2012 Iran and 2014 Russia sanctions. By … Russia inflicted considerable economic harm, yielding 32 – 37% of the vertical sanctions potential. Our key finding is that … welfare losses for sanction-senders and target; (ii) compare prospective coalition partners and; (iii) provide bounds for the …

Economic sanctions are a frequent instrument of foreign policy. In a diplomatic conflict, they aim to elicit a change … in the policies of foreign governments by damaging their economy. However, sanctions are not costless for the sending …. We first gauge the impact of the sanctions’ regime using a structural gravity framework and quantify the trade losses in …

trade. We also obtain estimates of the effects on trade of the 2014 sanctions on Russia. …This paper introduces the third update/release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDB-R3). The GSDB-R3 extends the … period of coverage from 1950-2019 to 1950-2022, which includes two special periods - COVID-19 and the war between Russia and …

trade. We also obtain estimates of the effects on trade of the 2014 sanctions on Russia, …This paper introduces the third update/release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDB-R3). The GSDB-R3 extends the … period of coverage from 1950-2019 to 1950-2022, which includes two special periods - COVID-19 and the war between Russia and …

contains 1,547 sanction cases, including the new ones against Russia. The GSDB-R4 comes in two versions, a case-specific and a … combine it with trade data until 2023, and we investigate the effects of the recent sanctions on Russia's trade within an …This paper introduces the fourth release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDBR4). Covering the period 1950-2023, it …

With ever-increasing political tensions between China and Russia on one side and the EU and the US on the other, it … to cooperate rather than turning away from each other. By imposing a trade war on Russia, the political West could …

With ever-increasing political tensions between China and Russia on one side and the EU and the USA on the other, it … to cooperate rather than turning away from each other. By imposing a trade war on Russia, the political West could …

With ever-increasing political tensions between China and Russia on one side and the EU and the US on the other, it … to cooperate rather than turning away from each other. By imposing a trade war on Russia, the political West could …