Public investment in hospitals in Germany has been insufficient for decades, making it difficultto finance digitization. Due to dual financing, hospitals could alternatively use their own profitsto pay for digitization efforts. This raises the question of whether there is a relationship...

We investigate the link between hospital performance and managerial education by collecting a large database of management practices and skills in hospitals across nine countries. We find that hospitals that are closer to universities offering both medical education and business education have...