A transactions model of the demand for multiple media of exchange is developed. Some results are expected, and others are both new and surprising. There are both extensive and intensive margins to currency substitution, and inflation may affect the two margins differently, leading to subtle...

EU enlargement rounds have always been driven by political will of the parties concerned and administered through a comprehensive legal-bureaucratic procedure. There is strong political determination to carry on the accession process involving Western Balkan countries as well as Ukraine, Georgia...

For the last two decades, most of Eastern European countries moved towards open economies, including Baltic Countries, Ukraine and Russia. Some of these countries adopted the euro such as the case of Montenegro in 2002, Slovakia in 2009, Estonia in 2011, and finally Latvia in 2014. Adoption of...

Das gemeinsame Auftreten von Währungs- und Bankenkrisen (Zwillingskrisen) in den 80er und 90er Jahren ist häufiger in Schwellenländern zu beobachten gewesen als in Industrieländern. Ursache dafür ist meist ein höherer Anteil von Fremdwährungsverschuldung sowie ein größerer Anteil von...