threatened by immigration. Less attention is given to effects on prices of goods and services. The effect on childcare prices is …Many countries are reviewing immigration policy, focusing on wage and employment effects for workers whose jobs may be … particularly relevant to policies for dealing with the gender pay gap and below-replacement fertility rates, both thought to be …

This paper explores how inflows of low-skilled immigrants impact the tradeoffs women face when making joint fertility … and labor supply decisions. I find increases in fertility and decreases in labor force participation rates among high …-skilled US-born women in cities that have experienced larger immigrant inflows. Most interestingly, these changes have been …

This paper examines evidence on the role of assimilation versus source country culture in influencing immigrant women … generations. It focuses particularly on labor supply but, for the second generation, also examines fertility and education. We … find considerable evidence that immigrant source country gender roles influence immigrant and second generation women …

responsibilities, the provision of childcare services might also help to increase fertility, which could contribute to relieving …Expanding access to pre-school education and childcare services has been a key policy on the agenda of many governments … shows that universal pre-school childcare is not always a panacea; instead, the impact of these policies has been very mixed …

demand and technology, production expansion, and specialization of native workers as immigration rises. …

results indicate that electrification contributes to a fall in fertility among rural women by between one and three children …We believe the massive rural electrification, which began in 1992, played a significant role in the varying fertility …-rural variation in fertility by exploiting the exogenous variations in the access rate to electricity at the district-level. Our …