We analyze the effect of electoral turnout on incumbency advantages by exploring mayoral elections in the German state of Bavaria. Mayors are elected by majority rule in two‐round (runoff) elections. Between the first and second ballot of the mayoral election in March 2020, the state...

Zu viele Autos, Staus in den Innenstädten, schlechte Luft, hohe Schadstoffemissionen: In vielen Städten und Kommunen droht ein Verkehrskollaps. Neue Verkehrskonzepte werden dringend benötigt. In einigen Städten werden unterschiedliche Ansätze verfolgt, um den privaten Autoverkehr in den...

We analyze whether landlocked regions are systematically poorer, using panel data for 1,527 regions in 83 nations from 1950-2014 and exploiting within-country-time variation. Lacking ocean access decreases regional GDP/capita by ≈13%. Specifically, coastal distance matters but not the length...

We investigate georeferenced household‐level data consisting of up to 128,609 individuals living in 11,261 localities across 17 coastal sub‐Saharan African countries over 20 years. We analyze the relevance of coastal proximity, measured by the geographic distance to harbors, as a predictor...

We analyze the impact of elected competitors from the same constituency on legislative shirking in the German Bundestag from 1953 to 2017. The German electoral system ensures at least one federal legislator per constituency with a varying number of elected competitors between zero to four from...

Die Bewältigung der COVID-19 Krise verursacht erhebliche fiskalische Kosten. Um diese Budgetdefizite zu schließen, werden mitunter auch in Deutschland einmalige Steuern auf größere Vermögen gefordert. Vergangene Erfahrungen mit einmaligen Vermögensabgaben beziehen sich oft auf...

This paper analyses the differential effect of trade agreements on income per capita of subnational regions with international borders. We construct an extensive panel dataset covering 1350 regions in 86 countries worldwide between 1950 and 2017. Our results show that trade agreements are...

Households may invest in the human capital development of their children not only for altruistic reasons but also as insurance against future income shocks. Therefore, the allocation of the child's time between school and work is a function of the risk preference of the household head. This...

Empirical findings of a negative association between female participation in politics and the labor market, and levels of corruption have received great attention. We reproduce this correlation for 177 countries from 1998 to 2014. However, once taking account of country-specific heterogeneity...

Inspired by the work of Rubinstein, this study revisits data from a previous lab experiment to explore the relation between response times and tax compliance and understand the potential non-linearity between them by classifying decisions and individuals into compliance types. We find that...