This study has examined the impact of external debt and the volatility of exchange rate on domestic consumption in Pakistan by using the yearly data (1980-2014). We apply the bounds testing approach to cointegration and error-correction modeling to check their short run and long-run impact on...

This study aims to measure the impact of an intervention, the Community Investment Fund (CIF), on the socio-economic life of rural women. CIF is a community-managed fund aimed at improving the living standards of women by empowering them to undertake income-generating projects to become...

Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) is relatively simple to implement in urban areas on ground or/and building-roofs, the development of appropriate design of VAWT will open new opportunities for the large-scale acceptance of these machines. The primary objective of this research was to design and...

Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced...

In this paper, we considered a deterministic inventory model with time-dependent demand and time-varying holding cost where deterioration is time proportional. The model considered here allows for shortages, and the demand is partially backlogged. The model is solved analytically by minimizing...