In the most recent decade, the European Union has shown itself to be less robust than globalists imagined. Globalists believed that supranationality was weatherproof - that it would always outperform national alternatives and would survive adversity. Economic stagnation and Brexit belied these...

This paper investigates the relationship between legal origin and banks' risk-taking behavior. We employ GMM to study a sample of both Islamic and conventional banks from 14 dual banking economies from 2005-2018. Our findings can be summarized as follows: (a) bank risk-taking and legal origin...