In this paper the author shows that signed temporal changes of firm size variables follow the power-law for large changes; while, for middle changes a log-normal distribution is found. In the analyses, the author employed three databases: highincome data, high-sales data and positive-profits...

Income disparities between poorer and richer households in Germany have been widening since reunification. Although this income polarisation is reduced during economically favourable periods by strong growth in employment, once the good times are over, it rises all the faster. The longer-term...

Die Einkommensgegensätze zwischen ärmeren und reicheren Haushalten nehmen in Deutschland seit der Wiedervereinigung zu. Zwar reduziert sich diese Einkommenspolarisierung in konjunkturell günstigen Phasen mit starken Beschäftigungszuwächsen. Danach aber steigt sie umso schneller wieder an....

The economic environment must be parsed because of the multitude of phenomena that determine developments which generate effects and show sinuous ridges that can be interpreted differed depending on the context. Tourism is an important sector of the economy, and the evolution must be analyzed...

We study consumer surplus in a single market when (a) there is a lower bound in the consumption of the outside good and (b) the weights in the social welfare function given to consumers and firms are different. We assume quasilinear utility. When the lower bound constraint on the consumption of...

Education is not financed solely by the taxpayer-many institutions and activities require payment of top-up fees, at the very least. This applies for instance to education and care services for children. A household's private expenditure on education depends largely on the families' available...

Bildung ist nicht ausschließlich steuerfinanziert - für viele Angebote sind mindestens Zuzahlungen aus eigener Tasche nötig, so auch bei Bildungs- und Betreuungsangeboten für Kinder. Die privaten Ausgaben von Haushalten für Bildungsangebote hängen maßgeblich von den Ressourcen des...

In this paper we extend the proportional rule to division problems with multiple references and we present a result of characterization of the weighted proportional rule. As a particular case, we analyze the problems of probability aggregation and probability updating.

Applicants for any given job are more or less suited to fill it, and the firm will select the best among them. Increasing the wage offer attracts more applicants and makes it possible to raise the hiring standard, thereby improving the productivity of the staff. Wages that optimize on the...

Despite equal pay legislation dating back 50 years, American women still earn 22% less than their male counterparts. In the UK, with its Equal Pay Act of 1970, and France, which legislated in 1972, the gap is 21% and 17% respectively, and in Australia it remains around 17%. Thus, the gender pay...