channels through which occupational segregation and pay discrimination affect the overall gender wage gap in different sectors … model estimates confirm that gender-based pay discrimination is small in the government sector in Egypt and quite high by … was quite prevalent in state owned enterprises, amounting to half of the discrimination component. These findings …

discrimination and facilitate retention of and entry into work, disability is associated with substantial and enduring employment …

with few females in their workforces. Our findings are in line with Beckerian taste-based employer wage discrimination that …

bias, I estimated hukou-based earning discrimination by matching Chinese individuals based on a rich set of individual … self-employment and no labor contract conditions, discrimination exists only when others employ them and where a labor … contract condition is enforced. Moreover, they face discrimination only when they work for the Chinese government, not when …

compensation characteristics of individuals only (discrimination), income differentials between regions and races also occur from …

Studies from countries with laws against discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation suggest that gay and lesbian …