when spending on investment is best done by the government itself, and when public funds should be used to support … investment by the private sector. A key concept in this issue is the degree of external benefits, or spillovers, of investment …. These notions refer to the fact that sometimes a certain action by an economic agent results indirectly in productivity …

compared to investment with regard to agricultural productivity so that policy makers hit the right tool and avoid less … public investment does to agricultural productivity. It is also found that power subsidy is the most effective component of …, researchers seem to favor investment expenditure instead. The present paper seeks to compare the usefulness of input subsidies as …