This study examines the effects of urbanization on household health expenditure. Using a unique bi-annually household-level dataset from 2012-2016 from Vietnam, we obtain key findings as follows. To mitigate possible endogeneity concerns, we utilize a two-stage least squares regression (2SLS)...

In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat die Ehe an Bedeutung verloren. Waren im Jahr 1991 noch 60,2 Prozent der Erwachsenen in Deutschland verheiratet, traf dies im Jahr 2019 nur noch auf 51,0 Prozent zu. Betrachtet man nur die mittlere Alterskategorie der 40- bis 49-Jährigen, war der Rückgang mit 60,7...

Living arrangements have changed enormously over the last two centuries. While the average American today lives in a household of only three people, in 1850 household size was twice that figure. Furthermore, both the number of children and the number of adults in a household have fallen...

Background: In Switzerland, age is the predominant driver of solidarity transfers in risk adjustment (RA). Concerns have been voiced regarding growing imbalances in cost sharing between young and old insured due to demographic changes (larger fraction of elderly 65 years and rise in average...

Die Tochter und der Sohn, die neben der Arbeit ihre Eltern pflegen oder sich um ihre nicht mehr mobile Nachbarin kümmern: Informelle Pflegetätigkeiten sind eine zentrale Stütze des deutschen Pflegesystems - insbesondere angesichts der alternden Bevölkerung und des damit einhergehenden...

This article studies socially optimal allocations, from the point of view of a benevolent social planner, in environments characterized by fixed resources, endogenous fertility, and full information. Individuals in our environment are fully rational and altruistic toward their descendants. Our...

We study how taxable income responds to changes in marginal tax rates, using as a main source of identifying variation three large reforms to the Spanish personal income tax implemented in the period 1999-2014. The most reliable estimates of the elasticity of taxable income (ETI) with respect to...

This paper summarizes statistics on the key aspects of the distribution of earnings levels and earnings changes using administrative (social security) data from Italy between 1985 and 2016. During the time covered by our data, earnings inequality and earnings volatility increased, while earnings...