health outcomes conditional on observed patient covariates. Let y be an outcome of interest and let (x=k, w=j) be observed … patient covariates. Suppose a clinician wants to choose a care option that maximizes a patient's expected utility conditional …

According to the Deutsche Rentenversicherung (German statutory pension insurance scheme), since the mid-1990s, the …

This paper aims to understand students' health literacy condition at a university in Jiangsu Province by determining … possible influencing factors, and to give suggestions to improve health literacy education. A total of 165 first, second, and … third-year students completed the Mandarin Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including …

perception of the social environment is crucial for their well-being and health. Objectives: This paper aims to evaluate the …, subjective health, the use of digital technology devices, and the level of occupancy with school obligations. Methods … school obligations and life satisfaction or subjective health, while for the independent variable, time spent in front of …

and ambiguity aversion. This is modeled as a random set of beliefs in the maxmin expected utility model of Gilboa and …We introduce a model of random ambiguity aversion. Choice is stochastic due to unobserved shocks to both information … Schmeidler (1989). We characterize the model and show that the distribution of ambiguity aversion can be uniquely identified …

The existence of ambiguity presents a challenge to decision-makers as it eliminates the ability to apply standard …, ambiguity arises in most strategically important decisions in some form because of the genuine limits on the decision … problems as strategic decision-making under ambiguity where choices over resource investments must be made in competitive …

In this paper, we establish an axiomatically founded generalized recursive smooth ambiguity model that allows for a … separation among intertemporal substitution, risk aversion, and ambiguity aversion. We axiomatize this model using two approaches … Seo (2009). We characterize risk attitude and ambiguity attitude within these two approaches. We then discuss our model …