Making use of a post-Keynesian/Kaleckian two-country stock-flow consistent (SFC) simulation model, we shed light on different regimes in modern finance-dominated capitalism, their interaction at the global scale, and then on the changes in regimes after the 2007-09 crises. Most importantly, we...

In order to understand the sources of profits or monetary profits of capitalists and firms, the author examines the phrase of Marx: 'Die Gesamtklasse der Kapitalisten kann nichts aus der Zirkulation herausziehen, was nicht vorher hineingeworfen war.' (The class of capitalists cannot extract from...

Tiny changes in the American monetary policy can have dramatic effects on the rest of the world because of dollar's double role of national and international currency. This is the Triffin dilemma. The paper shows how it works through three examples: price of commodities, dollarization, and the...

In the last 15 years, Spain has witnessed a large increase in housing prices and in the importance of the housing sector, which has refreshed the debate on the drivers of housing cycles. Since Spain joined the European Monetary Union (EMU), twomain important factors behind the housing boom...

Empirical evidence demonstrates that credit standards, including lending margins and collateral requirements, move in a countercyclical direction. In this study, we construct a small open economy model with financial frictions to generate the countercyclical movement in credit standards. Our...

While conventional monetary policy maintains its role in counteracting inflation, there are doubts that it is sufficient to guard against the risks of financial instability. It has been debated whether monetary policy should lean against the wind, i.e., if central banks should also respond to...

How important are liability dollarization in the transmission of commodity shocks on business cycles? To address this question, we developed a small open economy DSGE model with a banking sector and financial friction. The banks collect funds in the international capital markets in the form of...

The financial crises of 2007-2008, caused wide-spread falling output and unemployment, in the affected countries and also globally. The severity of the recession was such that it was called the "Great Recession". As a result of an increase in demand from China and India, at the same time, oil...

The Australian dollar is known as a commodity currency because it is sensitive to fluctuations of commodity prices. Although the structure of Australian production has historically moved from the primary commodities to manufacturing and services, market expectations of the currency are still...

This paper examines the determinants of the South African rand/US dollar (ZAR/USD) exchange rate based on demand and supply analysis. Applying the EGARCH method, the paper finds that the ZAR/USD exchange rate is positively associated with the South African government bond yield, US real GDP, the...