Discrimination based on gender is commonly observed on labor markets, although its scale and symptoms are different … with regard to country and are subject to changes over time. Gender-related diverse flows on the labor market constitute … the unemployment rate. Gender impact was noticeable especially in the employment decrease periods. For data after the year …

Public interest in the gender pay gap has risen significantly over the past years in Germany, but the size of the … gender pay gap has barely changed. A comparison across European countries shows that a lower female labor force participation … rate is associated with a smaller gender pay gap. The gender differences in the characteristics of the labor force, which …

. This paper analyzes both gender and occupational wage gaps before and during the first years of the transition to a market …In Romania, the communist regime promoted an official policy of gender equality for more than 40 years, providing equal … access to education and employment and restricting pay differentiation based on gender. After its fall in December 1989, the …

I address the causes of the gender wage gap with a new dynamic model of wage, hours, and job changes that permits me to … decompose the gap into a portion due to gender differences in preferences for hours of work and in constraints. The dynamic … model allows the differences in constraints to reflect possible gender dif- ferences in job arrival rates, job destruction …

Gender differences in the frequency of employer changes and their financial return were examined in a sample of …. In large part this can be explained by gender differences in labor market structures, in particular the fact that a woman … gender difference in the relative return and hence no effect on the gender gap. The results are also discussed in the light …

), is used for estimation purpose. The study concludes that skilled enhancement is a basic need for unskilled migrant. …

We document recent trends in gender equality in employment and wages in Spain. Despite an impressive decline in the … gender gap in employment, females are still less likely to work than males: about 76 % of working age males and 63 % of … in fertility. The gender gap in wages, after controlling for worker and job characteristics as well as for selection, is …

This paper focuses on the impact that gender segregation in the labour market exerts on the underemployment gender gap …, especially for women. Furthermore, we conclude that the gender gap in underemployment is mainly due to the different distribution … of male and female workers across occupations and industries. Additionally, the different impact by gender that working …

gender pay gap. However, there are also large differences in earnings between men and women within occupations. These … profession-specific gender pay gaps are smaller in professions with a high proportion of employees in the public sector. This … finding indicates that more transparency with respect to earnings could reduce the gender pay gap in the private economy. …