Governments and business leaders are increasingly aware of the role that innovation plays in economic growth, development and competitiveness. There are imperative challenges for Latin American countries, among them, poverty, social inclusion, sustainable development, climate change, natural...

The phenomenon of participatory budgeting in Polish cities shows growing awareness of citizens’ role in local development. Participatory budgeting is a tool of partial empowerment of residents through local budgetary policy. A social energy released by initiatives and proposed projects allows...

This paper estimates an earnings function for Sri Lanka, followed by a decomposition analysis of male-female earnings suggest that the gender disparity in earnings largely represents "discrimination" against women. The findings showed that irrespective of their "inferior" labour market...

In seiner jüngeren Geschichte war Deutschland mit vielen tiefgreifenden ökonomischen Krisen konfrontiert. Diese wirkten sich vollkommen unterschiedlich auf den Wohnimmobilienmarkt aus. Einige Krisen machten sich auf nationaler, andere hingegen lediglich auf regionaler Ebene bemerkbar. Manche...

Das deutsche Bildungßsystem steht unter enormem Veränderungsdruck. Um die Schulen auf die Zukunft vorzubereiten und große Investitionsprogramme zu ermöglichen, haben Bund und Länder beschlossen, das Grundgesetz zu ändern. Dazu gehört auch die Öffnung von Artikel 104c. Der Bund wird...

The independent German research organization "Institute for Banking and Financial History" was founded in 1969 as "Institute for historical research on banks". Its origins were a small institution which were not much more than a One-Man-Show by the banking journalist Erich Achterberg. With the...

Ökonomen und Politiker gehen heute nicht mehr von einer schnellen Angleichung der wirtschaftlichen Leistungsfähigkeit zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland aus. In der Tat zeigen viele aktuelle Studien, dass regionalökonomische Unterschiede sehr persistent, also kaum veränderbar sind. Dieser...

This paper examines the selected Ottoman institutions during the so-called rise (fourteenth through sixteenth centuries) and identifies the institutional characteristics that may have led to the eventual fall of the Empire in 1918. We propose three criteria based on which the Ottoman...

Until recently, theorists considering the evolution of human cooperation have paid little attention to institutional punishment, a defining feature of large-scale human societies. Compared to individually-administered punishment, institutional punishment offers a unique potential advantage: the...