countries. Furthermore, there is a likely challenge of old age security in terms of income and expenditure due to increasing …, the fiscal challenges include increased income tax and insurance coverage for the elderly, while health challenges imply a …

low- and middle-income countries for the 1990-2017 period. The analysis was carried out on a disaggregated basis on two … production. Furthermore, income growth alone cannot provide a solution for environmental degradation nor ensure a healthier life …

excess mortality and GDP growth adjusted for additional fiscal stimulus. We conduct an empirical analysis in two stages … the vulnerable population (elderly, low-income, smoking, or cardiovascular-failing). Policies such as large-scale open … public testing and additional fiscal stimulus in non-health could help reduce excess mortality, which might lead to lower …