This paper analyzes the causes of corruption in contemporary Bolivia. It argues that, along with the well …-documented observation that richer countries tend, on average, to be less corrupt than poorer ones, corruption is directly dependent on FDI … inflows, with higher levels of FDI associated with lower levels of corruption and vice versa. Additionally, the findings …

Whether and to what extent corruption drives emigration has received growing attention in the literature in recent … intentions and individual, as well as country-level measures of corruption, and propose to instrument the endogenous presence of … corruption in a country with the prevalence of cashless transactions in the economy to correct for potential estimation bias. We …

This paper investigates the impact urbanization, industrialization, corruption, human development, energy consumption … corruption on CO2 emissions is indeed heterogeneous and contradictory. Specifically, results exhibit that due to immature … economic system, and policy paralysis, corruption penetrates the developing economies, and eventually cause carbon emission and …

Up until the 1980s, studies on corruption were dominated by disciplines of public administration and sociology. In the … International Agency, corruption, which has a negative impact on most macroeconomic indicators, is “the abuse of entrusted power for … private gain”. Even though the disruption of corruption causing weak growth and investment rates has long been examined, there …

Ever since the spectacular boom and bust cycle of the Spanish real estate industry, endemic corruption at the local …-explored political determinant, this paper investigates the effect of local and regional alignment in fomenting corruption at the Spanish … municipal level. To do so, we construct an ample panel dataset on the prevalence of corrupt practices by local politicians …