UEFA’s Club Licensing and Financial Fair Play Regulations (FFP) have impacted European club football. After five … assessment. How has the situation in European top-division football changed since the FFP regulation? The most recent financial … data show that European club football is characterized by significant financial recovery and further polarization. How has …

The COVID-19 pandemic swept fans out of the stadiums, but matches continued to be played in most major football leagues … supported by the fans. Focusing on four top European football leagues, we find such an effect in the Bundesliga only. We propose … that this singularity may be related to the special role that the fan associations play in German football. …

The purpose was to analyse the income variation of the 13 top clubs of Deloitte Football Money League Report (2019) as … analysed (2011-2019). Market value has suffered an increase higher than expected. This fact should make football managers …

across countries in the entry wage gap and the speed of wage assimilation over time. Wage assimilation is affected by year of … entry, immigrant skill, ethnicity, and gender. Policies that facilitate assimilation of immigrant workers provide support …

during 1990 - 2002. I use this natural experiment to study labor market assimilation of migrants and their effect on the … female immigrants faced significant wage and employment gaps upon arrival, and their assimilation was slow. Using an IV …

. Unskilled immigrants who arrive in the USA as children and adolescents experience substantial wage assimilation, especially …, black immigrants do not obtain wage assimilation equal to native-born non-Hispanic white male workers. …