Research is undertaken to identify variables which might distinguish proactive from reactive regulatory strategies on the part of a sample of business firms engaged in industrial R&D. A discriminant analysis of the data reveals one function containing 17 factors which correctly classifies 95% of...

The management of urban and rural areas has always consisted of a mixture of state, market and civil society actors. In times of increased liberalization, deregulation and privatization of many former state-dominated tasks, limited institutional capabilities of smaller communities, a lack of...